Severe diabetic ketoacidosis in pediatric patients: a case report

Abstract

The procedure guidelines for a pediatric patient diagnosed with severe diabetic ketoacidosis are described. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a consequence of an increase in the concentration of ketone bodies, which causes metabolic acidosis. It is clinically characterized by polyuria, polydipsia and weight loss. The clinical case of a 5-year-old girl who goes to the emergency department for respiratory distress is presented. Nurses as the first link in the healthcare system must be trained and trained in the identification and control of diabetic ketoacidosis, as well as in the performance of primary and secondary evaluation when suspected. Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis includes the administration of fluids and electrolytes as well as insulin. Nursing interventions should ensure the well-being of the child and his or her parents during admission.